Toyota is known as a stalwart in EV or BEV development in the automotive manufacturing space, as either the world's largest or one of the largest automobile manufacturers.
Executive leadership at Toyota accurately say that battery electric vehicles have a number of limitations, not limited to slow recharging compared to a typical gas station refill of a gasoline fueled vehicle.
Also, battery capacity fade with cycling and time that reduces range per charge and eventually requires an expensive battery replacement. Furthermore, problems surrounding lithium and cobalt mining and availability, and issues with rare earth metals used in magnets of IPM or internal permanent magnetic motors, and a battery mass paradox that similar the fuel mass paradox in rockets, make pure EV's problematic for real world mass adoption.
In other words, it is not feasible, practical, or plausible to make BEVs or battery electric vehicles for everyone new car buyer in the world. We as a human civilization, do not have the industrial capacity to even make gasoline powered vehicles for everyone who wants to buy a motor vehicle.
World Record Vehicle Sales, the Honda Super Cub
The Honda Super Cub the highest volume recording holding vehicle ever made with more than 110 million units sold worldwide, and that a world record. There are 8 billion people. That means that even if you gave them out for free, only 1 in 80 people would get one. I know that not everyone alive old enough to drive, or physically able to drive safely.
Meeting Global Vehicle Demand a Challenging Problem Unsolved
I am just pointing out that motor vehicles illustrate that we lack the industrial capacity to mass manufacture vehicles at a scale large enough to satisfy global demand. Not everyone can afford to buy a new car or new motor scooter or new motorcycle, and so we have a hidden number of used vehicles being used by over 2 billion people, but that's till only about 25 of people on Earth. That means a demand exists for at least another billion vehicles, and vehicles do not last forever, subject to many kinds of wear, parts failure, consumables like fuel, brake pads, tires, lubricating oil, air and oil filters, suspension parts and much more.
Best Strongest Most Reliable V8 Ever Made
On a more positive note, Toyota has a history of making the finest quality, most reliable engines and vehicle with legendary reliability like the Hilux truck that Top Gear mechanically abused extensively, and it kept on going. Or how about the Landcruiser or LS400 with its superlative 1GU-FE pre-95 non-interference V8 with nearly perfect balance with many well maintained going more than 1 million miles. This V8 so reliable it was adopted for use in aircraft as one of the few automotive engines to ever get FAA approval for use in commercial aircraft. It makes an excellent boat motor according to people who have fit one into a powerboat.
Prius Proven Reliable as Cab Car
Some Prius cab drivers are able to get more than 800,000 miles out of the 2nd Gen. 04-09 Prius. The Toyota Prius one of the most fuel-efficient vehicles available, and for more than 20 years proven highly reliable with its HSD mixture of two electric motors and the legendary 1NZ-FXE engine mixing energy through the PSD or power split device orbital gearing robust and reliably transfer power to the wheels.
Meg and I confidently purchased a 2010 Prius III used for $9000 all said, with 100,000 miles on it, knowing that it had a lot of life left, and now it's at 160,000 ODO and still going strong. I just changed the 0W-20 engine oil and engine oil filter cartridge with new O-ring. I am curious how long it will last.
Recycle Used Engine Oil
I save old motor oil in a metal jug and take it to the local auto parts store where they collect used motor oil in a large blue colored steel used motor oil tank. This used motor oil is then collected to be cleaned up and made into new recycled engine lubricating oil. The 2ZR-FXE motor in her Prius nearly identical to the 2Z-FXE in our 2022 Toyota Corolla Hybrid LE sedan that has less than 30,000 miles ODO now.
The 2JZ-GTE phenomenal and popular with tuners due to its nearly perfect balance and ability to be easily boosted with very little modifications to over 500 hp, with some going to 700+ hp while still being reliable at those power levels, incredibly.
Engines as a Range Extenders
Rav4 Prime a PHEV or plug-in hybrid with amazing power output and stellar fuel economy, plus all-wheel drive, with amazing all-season grip, off-road performance, exceptional touring performance on road-trips and great around the town, offering class leading city and highway fuel economy, being mostly battery electric around town with the engine offering hybrid mode for extended drives or longer drives or road-trips. The Prius Prime similar in all the best ways, but smaller and more practical.
Examples of Excellent Long Lasting Reliable Dependable Toyota Engines
3S-GTE a 2.0-liter 4-cylinder turbocharged engine, and now engines with the same 2.0 L displacement and turbocharged inline 4's are used in more than 700 different vehicles. In this way Toyota was way ahead of the rest of the automotive sector with this amazing engine.
4A-GE of AE86 revs to 7,500 rpm, with variable valve timing twin cam 20 valve and fuel injection that enhance both performance and efficiency, bested only by the F20C Honda S2000 motor in the automotive space.
Yamaha co-developed the 1LT-GUE V10 for the Lexus LFA or the coolest car every made. Yamaha used its musical instrument know-how to tune the sound of the intake and exhaust of this fast rev efficient reliable engine that screams like that of an F1 car, sending shivers down the spine of most people that have the pleasure of hearing it run, though only 500 were made so a rare experience indeed.
2G-FE V6 in Lexus RX 350, 06-11 Rav4 and 05-12 Avalon, a chain driven cam makes it highly reliable while the potent GR version produces more than 300 hp, its efficient and powerful, but also durable and pleasing with enduring operation like their other long-life engines.
22R-E of Hilux since 1983 and produced until 1995, the long stroke 2.4 L straight-four keeps going and going, with better earlier torque due to the longer stroke and single overhead cam, it was also used in Celica, and 4Runner and Rav4.
2ZZ-GT all aluminum head and block with forged piston rods lightweight low friction efficiency free reeving design that ended up as the engine of Lutus Elise and used in Celica GT-S. This a great example of Toyota's excellent engine engineering.
F-Series after 1940, carbureted and 3.9 L used in Land Cruiser where its practical and easy to work on, reliable and dependable, proven around the world as one the best engines ever made.
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