Peter Cooper Hewit invented mercury-arc valve, known also as mercury-vapor rectifier in 1902, to convert grid power AC into commercial DC power for industrial motors, railways, streetcars, subways, radio stations, even an eventually especially to telephones, & servers, mainframes, super computers, desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, smart watches, smart rings, smart clothing, smart appliances, smart furniture, smart cars, smart bikes, smart scooters, smart motorcycles, smart keys, & so many other internet of things today, world wide web, mobile broadband, 5G systems, 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Chips, IC's, Graphics Cards, Memory, CPU, Motherboards, RAM, SOC's, & so many other electronics or COTS and scientific equipment and commercially valuable AI accelerators, TOS, ASIC, banking, fintech, accounting, investing.
Literally everything from healthcare to education has been computerized with DC computer systems, while the overwhelming majority of grid power AC or alternating current, so a means to switch AC to DC in so called Power Supplies, Power Conditioning, Power Conversion, Power Storage, Energy Storage, Renewables, Solar, Wind, Thermal, Wave, Tidal, even PV panels of 400W or bigger have tiny integrated DC-AC inverters so smaller higher voltage wires connecting all the panels to a whole home battery system pump AC directly into loads in the home.
Since all the appliances run on AC power, except the Wife Modem, Computers, & other digital electronics aptly named for digits zero and one that define on and off in transistors, often connected by the billion on chipsets or integrated circuits, made as the most complex products every created such that transistors are the highest precision most manufactured device ever, and continue to be so. We are seeing growing global interest in decarbonizing energy, noting how many converging and emerging technologies are enabling renewables to provide more grid energy rapidly consumed by utility customer loads, but where do all those electrons end up going as telluric currents in the earth returning to the power plant?
Inverters take DC & Output AC, oddly this can go both ways in some setups. I have a portable battery generator, with 512wh LFP battery, but it has an integrated inverter, which takes DC from the LFP and makes AC power 120v 15amps, then my portable fridge has a power adapted for wall power, that I plug into the AC port which then converts the input low noise sign wave AC power into DC power that runs the Portable Fridge, which has a proprietary power connector, while the Battery Generator has all sorts of IO for power :)
I also have an EU2000 gasoline generator with ECO mode that varies the inverter output to match loads of things plugged into it, our Fridge during a fluke wind storm 8 day power outages for example, then when fridge compressor not operating, onto a 1500w small fan blown ceramic element space heater since it was cold winter, and that combo kept our fridge cold and interior warm during cold winter weather and prolonged power outage, using about 1 gallon every 16 hours per day.
Mercury Arc Lamps emit a cool green white color and operated on early magnetic long-life ballasts, while offering better color rendering than LPS, or HPS orange lights, but not as good as more advanced MH metal halide, which were fully miniaturized for automotive headlights with 12V DC digital ballasts, on 35W MH projectors that had vastly superior optical performance throwing out more light further than older Halogen or Incandescent headlights, while 4200K color temp superior automotive illumination color matches spectral sensitivity of human eye vision which peaks on bright green laser color sensitivity, why all safety gear went from neon orange to neon green also.
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