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| From https://www.sciencefacts.net/electromagnetic-induction.html |
The interaction between magnetic fields & electrical conductors happen such that magnetic fields moving through coils of wire produce current flow & voltage, governed by Faraday & Lenz's law respectively #physics. Fueling global wealth creation & economic prosperity, electricity the magic powering society today!
Applications include magnetic transformers, power supplies, ballasts, electric motors, antenna, transceivers, radios, particle accelerators, microwave ovens, generators, power systems, power condition, AC to DC & DC to AC electrical converters, relays, breaker switches, lamps, bulbs, lighting systems, linear motors, actuators, stepper motors, galvanometers, scanners, lasers, in 3D printers using photo resin, metal powders or extruded PLA or PETG filaments. I am sure I did not list them all.
Consider how electricity connected to transistors that switch information & how that affects everything in the world, how those transistors are connected making the differences, just the same way that people's connections to other people makes the difference, and who they are connected with make a big difference in a lot of ways. We become like people we interact with & spend time with & talk to. When we read information our Brian encodes these ideas into memory.
This is how people remember & learn, the protein synthesis of memory formation called neuronal plasticity, such that the Brian changes its structure & function in response to what it hears, sees, listens too, or does. We become more like what we do repeatedly, such that habits, hobbies & occupations sculpt the ways that we think about each other, reality & our place in the world, our legacy & the ways that we affect others & nature with our choices.
Economic implications of electrification with information technology, appliances, machinery, mills, lathes, NC & CNC, welding, plasma physics, materials processing, power generation, probably no unreasonable to suggest that more than 50% of wealth creation in the world comes from exploiting the interactions between magnetic field coils of insulate wires, between insulated metal laminations wrapped with wiring. Consider how an MRI machine works & how electric & magnetic fields enable medical imagine with CT scanning, near IR spectroscopy, & how space telescopes operate!
From low voltage DC computer happening in my Apple Watches or MacBook laptop to the cloud compute servers with air handling cooling equipment similar to AC or air conditioning in an automobile mounted to the roof of the data center & huge DC diesel backup generators & UPS systems or uninterruptible power supplies. Wind power turbines, solar PV systems, hydro electric dams, induction of electric field in wires by magnetic fields, possible one of the most valuable phenomenon exploited by human technology, other than the combustion of common carbon fuels like coal, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, jet A, kerosine rocket fuel & heavy bunker oil in big ships that move mega cargo container quantities across the worlds oceans to fascinate global trader or globalization.
Most food distribution systems rely on refrigerated class 8 truck trailers with 60,000 BTU cooling units mounted to the front of the large rectangular transportation boxes, often made of painted steel, insulated with fiberglass, polyurethane foams, & composite & polymer paneling & liners. Refrigerators & refrigeration systems enable season-less grocery stores to function. Freezing & freeze drying foods enables long term storage solutions to extend off season access & global transportation of fresh goods that would have short shelf life at room temperatures.
Do you know why cooling foods enhances their life? Lower temperature prevent bacterial, fungal & parasite growth, yeast & bacteria are blowing around in the air. Tiny flies are everywhere moving bacterial around. When you speak or fart, bacterial particles, sometimes viral particles, enter the air nearby. Its a messy noisy world & making something truly clean, like the ultra pure water used at chip fabs, or sterile air for clean rooms, requires a lot of energy, materials & costly technologies. Think huge air handling filtering systems with expensive consumables, list like reverse osmosis water cleaning, distillation of water, there is no cheap or easy way to purify water of common contaminants.
Did you know that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic velocity of atoms inside substances, such that as the temperature raised everything vibrates more. Going the other way towards absolute zero temperature means all the atoms slow down, almost to a stop when they reach very close to the micro kelvin or right on the border of zero, asymptotically approaching zero. So temperature the measurement of molecular vibration of elements, atoms, molecules & that materials that these component comprise or everything made of ordinary matter, you & I & all of our stuff, clothing, vehicles, furniture, appliances, homes, buildings, infrastructures, foods, water, the only thing we ordinarily interact with that's not ordinary matter is electricity, or the flow of electrons or electric fields in radio waves, satellite internet, wifi, bluetooth, NFC, ultra Wideband, 5G NR, in global navigation systems, content streams of music & movies & emails & documents online, connected, its electricity that makes all of this happen.
For much of history electricity was consider a useless novelty. Physics toys & other small energy systems were able to make sparks for public displays. It was not until the 20th century that electric energy systems became diffused with large hydroelectric dams, nuclear power & grid power systems shoving 60 hertz AC electricity at millions of volts over large overhead long distance power wire distribution systems mounted to insulated post towers that hold the wires for thousands of miles. Near your home or business, large transformers step down the intermediate voltage created by substations to 480, 240, 208, 177, 120, 110, 100 vac respectively.
AC or alternating current used because it was easier to increase voltage with AC using power transformers, and higher voltages make transporting electricity more effective with smaller wires. You could move 1 million watts as 1 volt & 1,000,000 amps, but that would require a wire the diameter of a large tree, that would be heavy, massive & expensive. So power companies move the power at 1,000,000 volts & a few amps to create utility power distribution systems. Those high voltage AC electric fields are moved via hot wires to the substation where step down transformers create intermediate voltages that send power over local shorter power lines, these are often buried, but many utilize pole transformers with lower voltage power wires connected to homes.
A typical home in America for example has two 120vac hot wires with 100 amps of capacity each or a 200 amp panels where 240volts for the oven & dryer & Level 2 EV charger are made by combining 120ac from the left buss bar in the panel to the 120ac on the right bus bar on the panels. Interestingly in AC there is only hot, the neutral wires are bonded to the ground wires back in the utility panels. This nifty property of AC for sending power making micro inverters in solar PV panels the preferred way to hook them up to home power system in rooftop solar energy systems.
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