Pollutants & Toxin Exposure Pathogenesis Basis of Common Diseases & Disorders
Many Monoclonal Antibody medications *biologics* & the polyclonal antibody drugs *biologics* achieve their functional effect on specific cell systems or organs or cytokine signaling cascade, usually by blocking something, interfering with something, competitively binding with something better than the natural ligand. Consider IL or Interleukin series & the pleiotropic effects they have on different cell signaling systems, protein synthesis, mitochondrial energy production, cell proliferation, cancer progression, healing, autoimmunity & other processes that affect the trajectory of a patient's outcomes.
IL Interleukin Signaling vs Common Toxins
IL-2 for example an immune system regulator of CD4+ & CD8+ cells of the white blood cell (leukocytes & lymphocytes) that are part of the bodies response to microbial infection & discriminating between the body's own cells & pathogenic cells of bad bacteria. Dysfunction in this systems differentiation of self vs foreign cells can cause autoimmune attack of the body's own cells & tissues. Several things can cause cytokine signaling dysfunction. Some pesticides, some pollutant special, some questionable artificial or synthetic food ingredients, preservatives, dye, colorants & engineered flavors- GMO plant molecules & other toxins like heavy metal ions of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury - that damage DNA can also cause cytokine signaling dysfunction at more than just the active sites of IL-2
Each Person Biochemically Unique
To understand toxicology of why some things, harm human cells & other things do not, you have to understand that each person's body genetically & thus biochemically distinctive, such that some people are naturally allergic to peanuts & latex while most people are not. Drug side effect of a specific small molecule affect some people & not others & where they do have a negative side effect, the level of negative effect also varies.
Gasoline Tetra Ethyl Lead Anti-Nock Agent Banned (Unleaded Now)
The government forced oil companies to remove tetraethyl lead from gasoline, which is why all the gas stations label it "unleaded" today, because scientists were able to prove that vehicle tailpipe exhaust lead emissions were reducing peoples IQ by causing brain damage of everyone who was breathing the lead combustion products as dilute trace pollutants from vehicle tailpipe emissions in traffic, near homes & schools & business where most people are regularly breathing, where most people live & work.
Other anti-knock or pre-detonation preventing compounds like MTBE & then Ethanol were added to gasoline along with reformulated octane improve isomers of gasoline that reduce the propensity of the fuel air mix to ignite before the piston reaches just past top dead center, as pre-detonation causes pinging by forcing the exhaust valves open out of order, which damage the engine by distorting the cam shafts & rocker arms, springs & exhaust & intake valves, valve seats, valve head interface & other things like the cam bearings & supports, bending the engine from the inside out. Sadly buried gasoline station storage tanks tend to leak into ground water & MTBE very toxic to aquatic organism, so the EPA phased out the MTBE & replaced it with GMO corn ethanol in common E10 gasoline sold nationwide in America today as of late 2021.
Low Octane Fuel / Low Compression Engines / Olden Days
Early gasoline at the turn of the 19th century only had an octane of around 20 where regular unleaded gasoline with 10% ethanol today has an octane rating of 87% & can be purchased as super 89% or premium %92. Diesel fuel has a cetane rating system that I am not familiar with. Engines at this time had very low compression ratios of 4:1-8:1 whereas modern gasoline car engines have 10:1-14:1 & diesel engines have 18:1-35:1 as they rely on vapor compression ignition, a principle that from PVT pressure volume temperature such that when a volume of gas at temp 70 F compressed to 1/20 its original volume the temperature will increase by a huge ratio to something like 500 F. So, as the volume inside the diesel cylinder decreases as the piston goes towards top dead center, the pressure increases which increases the temperature. A glow-plug made of a platinum alloy wire at the top of the cylinder with low mass heats up & becomes glowing red hot & catalytically helps to activate the diesel fuel air mixture combustion reaction. When pressure of gas increases, so does its temperatures. Conversely, if a pressurized container of gas at room temperature STP allowed to expel its contents, think propane tank discharging propane, then the tank will become colder.
Understanding Pressure vs Volume vs Temperature of Gases
Temperature of a gas a measure of the average molecular kinetic energy, such that a colder gas has slower moving gas molecules & a hotter gas has faster moving particles. When a cool gas compressed into a smaller volume, the temperature increases with the increase in pressure because those same gas molecules are forced to interact more, causing more molecular collisions that increase the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules, which when increased is what we call a temperature increase.
Sadly, combustion processes inside spark ignited gasoline engines & vapor compression ignition diesel engines, they make air pollutants because the fuels contain impurities & air mostly nitrogen. Many pesticides are made of complex molecular arrangements of nitrogen, oxygen & carbon too, usually with a halide like chlorine or bromine to increase the toxicity to a pest nervous system. More creative pesticides sterilize the pests & use a non-toxic approach that minimizes unintentional harm to the persons spraying & handling the systemic pesticide, which acts like birth control to present the pest species from making offspring or by blocking reproduction which causes the pest population to rapidly decline.
Banned Pesticides Still Produced in Developing Countries
Many different pesticides have been released & subsequently withdraw from markets in the European Union Countries, Japan & America while developing countries still allow the use of very toxic pesticides because they are cheap & have expired patents & the methods to chemically fabricate them well known around the world due to the length of time they have been on the market & because some industrialized countries through private corporations like Union Carbide manufactured synthetic pesticides in India, so scientists in India were able to reverse engineer & commercialize & sell these dangerous pesticides after Union Carbide was dissolved or absorbed due to litigation payouts & other profit loss issues, via spin off or merger or acquisition this kind of liability payout, in the case of the Bhopal chemical disaster at a Union Carbide chemical plant in India that released prodigious amounts of a toxic chemical intermediate (MIC) used in pesticide manufacturing that ended up killing many thousands of local people in India because MIC vapors hung near the ground level upon unintended release from a failure of a poorly maintained valve & escaped into the local environment where its deadly toxic effects on humans harmed & killed so many that this became known as one of the worst environmental chemical disasters in world history.
Fuel Combustion Pollutants
When unleaded gasoline, diesel, natual gas, fuel oil, butane, propane & other hydrocarbons are combusted with air as the oxidize, oxygen the oxidizer in air only comprises about 21% so the other 78% of air made of nitrogen, that reacts during the combustion of hydrocarbons or carbon burning to form oxides of nitrogen & other chemical pollutant species that are toxic to human cells. Thankfully with emissions controls, these toxic tailpipe emissions are only a tiny trace component of exhaust gases, which are mostly CO2 or carbon dioxide & H20 vapor, though because of climate changes effect on agricultural production of food, this has negative long term effects on human health, specifically when pollutants like heavy metals & acid rain land on produce & interact with pesticides to form additional chemical species, some of which permeate or saturate the skin of veggies & fruits & enter the fleshy parts that humans eat as foods, thereby entering the body where they have a weak progressive toxic effect on human cells & organs & other flesh that forms the basis of diseases caused by the toxic effects of that pesticide exposure. Not all pesticides or drugs are the same & some people are harmed more by a given toxic chemical substance than others.
Dose Response Rates / Dosing / Titration of Drugs
The therapeutic dose of many chemical drugs has to be slowly titrated with gentle dose increases steadily to establish a threshold value that works well with the patient while minimizing toxic side effects of higher doses. Tapering on & off certain medications required to prevent chemical shock to your body. Some medications have to be taken for many days in order to build up a certain amount in your body depending on the rate of metabolic clearance of those drugs. Some drugs are called pro-drugs that enter the body in an inactive state that become the active drug when the inactive compound metabolized.
Toxic Substances Interfere with Cell Functions
When toxins enter the human body, they interfere with cell processes, cell signaling, cell repair mechanisms, cell death mechanisms, & the inner organelles inside of cells by damaging DNA & inhibiting energy cascades used to produce ATP from ADP in the mitochondria, those that enable hydrogen ions H+ to migrate across the cell membrane envelope to change the electrical potential of the cells, affecting ion flow of sodium & calcium & other signal dysfunction that harms the cells. Toxins block & interfere with cell processes that harms the cell, kills the cell or changes the DNA such that the cell starts producing bent or misfolded carcinogenic mutagenic proteins known as Prions.
Ionizing radiation produces the same kind of negative effects because the high energy gamma & neutron particles energize chemical bonds in the DNA strands, causing dislocations, breakages, cleavages & inhibiting the transcription process such that incomplete proteins are formed. This kind of transcription dysfunction can actually produce viral DNA by random coincidence & may be a mechanism by which viral pathogen form from horizonal gene transfer & viral reproductive processes.
Hormone Disrupting Synthetic Chemicals
Hormone disrupting pollutants mimic the structural shapes of natural hormones in the body, so these toxins plug into the same cell receptors but have different functions once in the receptor, so as to cause hormone disrupting effects. Other toxins block hormones by chemically reacting with them & deactivating them therein. Some toxics bind with & disable enzymes important for all sorts of processes in the body. The only reason our cells can produce chemical reactions at just above room temperature because these enzymes in the human body lower the activation energy to cause biochemical reactions to proceed from precursors to products, in the production of proteins & fats essential for cell life & organ function, healing & growth & repair mechanism to work, that enable people to live for about 100 years.
Persistent Pollutants
POPs or persistent organic pollutants, many synthetic pesticides, are toxic chemicals that stick around & bioaccumulate in plants & animals that humans eat as food such that they end up being biomagnified like methyl mercury in giant Tuna fish because the Tuna eats small fish with lower concentrations of mercury, the heavy metal toxin. Methylation of mercury by metabolic processes in higher trophic organism ends up enabling the mercury concentration to increase. This is why people with cancer & immune system diseases are encouraged to limit fish consumption, because of the mercury load. This is also why dentists moved away from amalgam alloys of gold & mercury for dental fillings & moved to ceramic powders bonded with high strength polymers, zirconia caps & crowns & implants & other non-metallic or nontoxic metal bridges & other fixtures specific to dentistry & orthodonture, so patients do not have toxic metals in their mouth, that disassociated into toxic metal ions when the patient drinks alcohol or acidic soda or similar protonating foods that can react with the mercury to form soluble salts of mercury that cause mental illness by poisoning brain cells.
Metal Ion Leaching in Cans Prevented
Metal food cans containing acidic fruits & related juices, are lined with a polyurethane spray layer to keep the protonating organic acids from ionizing metal ions via corrosion from the inside of the can where the food can interface exists. Tin cans are actually typically steel or iron alloys or aluminum. Aluminum cans are similarly polymer lined to keep beer & carbonic acidic liquids like soda or pop from corroding the aluminum.
My Personal Al Can Smelting / Emissions
When I smelt aluminum beverage cans in my 10 lb propane fueled metal furnace, these polymer liners & similar polymer labels painted onto the outside of the cans burns off as a nasty black smoke that necessitates wearing an activated carbon respirator so that I do not inhale the toxic emissions. This process also has to be done outside, as doing so indoors would create a carbon monoxide death disaster & trap the sooty fumes. The lids of aluminum cans are actually made of an aluminum magnesium alloy, & the lid actually costs way more than the body of the can which is mostly just aluminum with trace flow additives like silicon & molybdenum, present as fractions of 1% of the can body alloy. I actually add a little bit of silicon to the 6 lb aluminum smelt crucible so that the flow properties are improved for casting the liquid aluminum alloys, a low magnesium content aluminum given the diluted ratio of lid mass to body mass comprising the smelted solids, with a tiny bit of added silicon.
Expensive Hobby (No Profit)
When I smelt metal cans for fun, it costs me money & generates negative cash flow, done as a hobby for fun not to make money. The cost of the propane, body effort to smash the cans, time taken to capture the cans, save the cans, preheat the cans to boil off remaining fluids & residues present, then heating the crucible with propane air combustion from a 20 lb 4.4 gal (~17L) barbeque style painted steel propane tank with safety valve through a pressure regulating adapter & hose into the adjustable venturi aperture where a tiny brass nozzle injects a high pressure concentrated jet of propane into the combustion tube, past holes cut in the tube that allow atmospheric air to get sucked into the propane stream to produce an approximately stochiometric gas mix that burns cleanly in a spiral bluish flame around the inside wall of the metal ceramic wool lined forge to wrap the crucible with a hot blanket of combustion heat to melt the metals inside the crucible. Any toxic emissions, soot, smoke, metal oxides fumes released during these procedures are unintentional.
Propane Furnace Most Affordable for Infrequent Use
I actually wanted to get an electrical metal furnace or induction furnace, but those cost far more or did not have the correct power to $ ratio. In the case of the common electrical metal furnace, the ones with 2200w of power cannot safely run for hours continually on standard 15A 120v power socket or breaker connection to the power utility electrical power buss input channels that max out at 200 amps for the whole home or 100 amps in our townhome style apartment garage for example. The induction units cost over $1200 by comparison to the $300-400 electrical units, while my propane furnace as only $225 as kit with crucibles, gloves, heat bricks, tongs, & other accessories. I do not operate this forge often; it takes months or to save up enough Al cans to justify a batch run, especially since a single firing & casting sessions lasts at least 2 hours & more when you factor in cooling down for safe storage. See, in this example, as a hobby, I am not releasing air pollutants continually like fossil fueled passenger cars driven daily. My annual metal smelting emissions are tiny, though my use of propane fuel & CO2 emissions as a person are increased in this way. When people burn wood while camping it releases pollutants from wood smoke, CO carbon monoxide & CO2 carbon dioxide & water vapor.
Every Action Produces Impacts / Entropy & Chaos
In the words of my late father Ken Schwarz commenting on emissions, you can't do anything without having an impact on something else, everything on Earth connected by six degrees of freedom. The late Ken Schwarz was a wildly intelligent man who I enjoyed watching the History Channel with. We spent hours drinking beer & talking about life. He was a funny, thoughtful, philosophical, intelligent man who I really miss & even writing this made me tear up with grief. I really miss my dad & wish I could talk to him again, about metal smelting or anything & hope to see him again in Heaven, with Erika Lynn Schwarz who died in a winter snow accident as a small child, something that really affected my parents with lasting intense grief. I noticed this as a small child but did not understand it well.
Ken Schwarz was a Great Dad
For the year leading up to Ken's death, he regularly reminded me that he was proud of me, of the man I had become & the last time I saw him I was sick with a cold, or flue & he did not look well. He was sitting at the computer playing solitaire the card game & looked at me, I was frazzled & in a hurry, he said "Aaron, I love you bud, I want you to take good care of Meg", my wife, who I love & adore more than I could have ever imagined possible. I got into my then 2015 Honda CRZ 6sp manual black coupe & drove from Maple Valley back to Renton where Meg & I were living at that time. The next day my mother called & told me that my dad had died. He was walking to his bed with a bowl of grapes & pomegranate juice. I had convinced him to try eating healthier snacks years ago to help prolong his life & improve his health & wellness. Ken Schwarz adopted me as his son & was an amazing father, a man worthy of being called daddy, a distinction few men today deserve as a title. Ken Schwarz used to say "you are a gentleman & a scholar Aaron * there are but few of us left in the world" & sadly he was right. I am not perfect by any means, but I try to be a gentleman & a scholar & learn & teach others to help out. Thats the spirit of this blog.
Tobacco Smoke like some Pollutants
Some people breathe pollutants intentionally, in tobacco smoke for example, though they are smoking for stress relief, for antidepressant effects & pleasure, not to breath in the combustion toxins in tobacco smoke of cigarettes for example, the most widely smoked format or delivery system for nicotine, & other antidepressants chemicals present in tobacco smoke. Something like 4000 different chemicals formed when tobacco combusts as a rich fuel air mixture in a cigarette. Incomplete combustion in cigarettes & hookahs & other smoking pipes & apparatus, produces CO or carbon monoxide, a slightly toxic at those amounts' combustion byproduct of carbon-based organics matter burning without enough oxygen, in rich or air starved combustion reaction.
Incomplete Combustion Pollutants
When vehicle exhaust contains excess CO & HC emissions (cold start) this is also from overly rich fuel air mixes that are incompletely combusted because not enough oxygen present during the burning reaction or combustion events. People developed catalytic converters to clean up exhaust gasses, but no analog exists in the cigarette space, though American Spirits brand Sky "organic tobacco" cigarettes have a cellulose acetate filter with activated carbon to make the smoke smoother & reduce tar levels & to filter out heavy metals & other components of the tobacco smoke the user does not intend on inhaling for the desired effects.
Slow Toxic Effects Killed Ken Schwarz
Poor lifestyle choices with food & drink + smoking, Ken Schwarz was a cigarette & tobacco smoker for most of his life & that combined with eating too many candies & junk foods & from high levels of psychological stress from his work & financial mental stress, plus elevated triglycerides from drinking too much alcohol as Manhattan, mixes of Gin (Beefeaters) & Vermouth (Italian sweet wine) or Martinis with a pimento filled green olive by Manzanita. These & his German inheritable traits & disease risks produced coronary artery disease, arteriolosclerosis, narrowing of the arteries & veins with deposited LDL low density lipoproteins or fats formed by the liver when too much sugar & alcohol consumed that elevates triglyceride level. At 42 years old, he had coronary bypass surgery & ended up outliving both of his parents, to the age of 69 when he died at the end of 2015.
Vaping instead of Smoking
For some of the last 5 years of his life, I got him a SafeCig's kit & cartridges, a nicotine vapor delivery device that looks like a regular cigarette, with cartridges containing nicotine juice, a mixture of nicotine salts or freebase mixed with propylene glycol or vape pen fluid or vape juice as its more commonly known. I theorized that vaping was safer than smoking, though still not good for the lungs, less bad that breathing cigarette smoke. I also taught him to take 6 big deep breaths to clear his lungs after finishing a cigarette, since humans have an inefficient tidal inhalation system that does not exchange all the gases in the lungs with a few normal breaths.
Exporting Emissions & Jobs
One of the reasons that Air quality in America improved due to the offshoring of manufacturing, outsourcing & moving of factories that emitted toxic pollutants to parts of Asia where land & labor & thus capital & operating costs were much lower. Think Nike sweatshops in Asia where people work 10 hours per day making shoes for Nike, with no weekend, no time off, no benefits or paid vacation, slave like labor conditions that caused some employees at Foxconn factories in China to commit suicide by jumping off the factory roofs. Foxconn installed netting to address this issue, rather than improving working conditions since that would cost more.
Unethical Plutocracy Capitalism Gone Wrong
This is why the profit motif alone can cause terrible human rights abuse & environmental damage & other problems. The relentless pursuit of always increasing next quarters profits inexorably results in the corporations squeezing its employees or customers in some unethical or immoral ways.
To prove that I am a an imperfect sinner, I am an investor in the stock market & enjoy seeing my income stocks generate a quarterly dividend & give little thought to what must happen in order to make those pay outs happen, other than initial investing research & ongoing research to figure out which stocks to buy, sell or hold for a long time.
Applied Thinking Makes It Happen
You cannot get something from nothing in physics or there is no free lunch, so people have to apply intellect to energy & materials to make anything happen! We have to be pragmatic with intelligent designed plans executed step by step, choice by choice, action by action, day by day, week by week, year by year, collaborating with many other people to multiply the application of intelligent thought to making things happen. Nothing worthwhile in the world occurs by itself to benefit humans directly with economic growth, though pollinator insects & other beneficial special in nature do provide ecological services that end up being profitable to farmers & agricultural companies & for the remediation of some toxic pollutants emitted, creation of fresh water resources, cleaning of the air, mushrooms & other fungi recycling dead forest plants into soil, bee's pollinating fruit & nut tree's, flowers & other plants used to make foods for people or for food that animals eat, that people eat, its a food chain with food webs, systems of biochemicals & solar energy & soil & water on Earth all interacting & subject to toxic fouling & deflation if humans are not good stewards to protect nature from senseless emissions of toxic fluids, gases & solids into ecosystems where people live, eat, drink & breath.
Protecting Children from Toxins
Small children are more sensitive to toxic metals & pollutants, their rapidly developing cell systems can go wrong more easily in the presence of a toxic, just the way that fetal alcohol syndrome affects the developing fetus when pregnant mom consumes alcohol regularly while carrying the baby to term & giving birth. I had a friend named Brian in HighSchool who suffering cognitive deficits because of his irresponsible mom who was an alcoholic when she became pregnant with Brian. To this end, not all people are fit to become parents! I know that is not a popular statement to say publicly because of its implications on possible future hinderances over people personal freedoms, but it's true! Some people are mentally ill, sick, wacko, & blatantly unfit to raise a dog or cat let alone to bring children into the world. With that Godspeed & safe travels & I pray your aim is true, that you will make healthy choices to make a nice life while also making the world a better place to live than when you entered it & I will try to do the same, in part with this blog!
Wise Sexual Choices are Important
Please, consider pair bonding earlier in life & staying married to that one other special person for your whole life to limit your exposure to commonly vectored sexually transmitted viral agents & pathogens, like syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia & HIV. In the words of Ozzie Osborn, if your a boy, teen or man, "a 3 second leg shutter (ejaculating semen into a woman) not worth it, if your not able or prepared to father children with that women of if doing so going to give you Herpes that cause cancer down the line, HIV or Hepatitis, deadly STD's that spread around because people are animal beasts with poor self control in some cases, the same reason a lot of crimes happen & why corruption in Government exists; why perverted weirdos like Jeffry Epstein happen & his sick partner in crime sexually abusing hundreds of teenage girls as young as 14, Ghislaine Maxwell, & their complicit socialite rich connected friends that regularly visited Jeff's private island of sin where so many girls were molested & raped.
Evil People Make Life Worse
There are some really sick twisted people in the world that deserve the death penalty for their abusing harmful actions that harmed, sickened or killed other people. If you a girl or a woman, be careful when selecting Meg that you allow into your pants; your at a fluid exchange disadvantage because of how that works down there & I think you know what I mean. I am not trying to be grotesque, only trying to encourage others to think of STD's like persistent pollutants that have toxic long term health effects, like cancers!
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